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Carbon Black and Titanium Interlayers Between Zinc Oxide Photo Electrode and Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
摘要： Carbon black and titanium interlayers were deposited on ?uorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) anode layers using radio frequency magnetron sputtering method. On top of them, Zinc oxide (ZnO) photo anode layers were prepared using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique. ZnO high binding energy as well as good breakdown strength, cohesion, and stability used as a photo electrode material for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), but it does not have a good electrical contact to the FTO anode. To solve this problem, the carbon black and titanium interlayers were deposited. The effect of interlayers on the power conversion ef?ciency (PCE) of DSSCs was investigated. The PCE of the devices with 120-nm-thick interlayers of carbon black or titanium was 5.21 or 4.45%, respectively, which were larger than the PCE of the devices without such interlayers (3.25%). The smooth interface of the carbon black interlayer reduced the interface impedance of the ZnO photo anode effectively. On the other hand, the titanium interlayer with TiO2 on the ZnO side increased the impedance, and decreased the PCE.
关键词： Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide,Titanium,Carbon Black,Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
更新于2025-11-14 17:04:02
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Insights into the improved photocatalytic performance of fluorine surface modified mpg-C3N4 at room temperature under aqueous conditions
摘要： A novel fluorine surface modified mesoporous carbon nitride (mpg-C3N4) photocatalysts were synthesized by etching SiO2 with NH4HF2. The mechanism of formation and the factors that affect its photocatalytic activity were investigated. Interestingly, the introduction of F atoms improves the performance of surface state and widens the energy band gap of surface-modified mpg-C3N4 due to the higher separation and efficient mobility of the photoinduced carriers. Consequently, the fluorine-modified mpg-C3N4 exhibits higher carrier lifetime (8.64 ns) than mpg-C3N4 (7.14 ns), which improves the photocatalytic efficiency under ultraviolet light. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was evaluated by studying the degradation experiments of Rhodamine B. It is expected that the present fluorine modification at the surface of mpg-C3N4 may provide new insights in basic research and energy conversion.
关键词： fluorine surface modification,mpg-C3N4,room temperature,photocatalyst
更新于2025-11-14 15:28:36
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Fluorine-substituted TPE isomers with different triboluminescent behavior
摘要： Three isomers of fluorine-substituted tetraphenylethenes (TPE) demonstrate totally different triboluminescence (TL) behavior, as the results of their ignorable structural difference. Photophysical properties, packing model, single-crystal structure and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that bright TL emission is attributed to the high emission, intense intermolecular interaction and large dipole moments in solid state, indicating the introduction of fluorine atoms as an effective approach for realizing and modifying the TL performance.
关键词： isomer,tetraphenylethene,structure-packing-performance,fluorine-substituted,triboluminescent
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Significant improved selectivity of a fluorescent sensor for Al3+ made from a fluorinated rhodamine B Schiff base
摘要： Two rhodamine B-based Schiff bases (RBF, RBC) with different substituent groups (–F and –COOH) have been synthesized. In order to study the sensing properties of two Schiff bases for metal ions, the interaction of Schiff bases with different metal ions was studied over UV–Vis absorption spectra and photofluorescent spectra. The results show that the RBF is a turn-on fluorescent chemosensor for Al3+ ions with being highly selective and sensitive in ethanol. The value of the fluorescence increase factor shows a good linear relationship with the concentration of Al3+ in the range of 1–9 μM with a detection limit of 0.8 μM. Meanwhile, upon addition of Al3+ or Fe3+ ions, the fluorescence intensity of RBC increased significantly (FAl3+/FFe3+ = 0.77). These studies show that, compared with the carboxyl group (–COOH), the introduction of fluorine atoms (–F) to a rhodamine B-based Schiff base can significantly improve selectivity to Al3+.
关键词： Al3+ ion,Fluorine atoms,Fluorescent sensor,Rhodamine B
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Fluorine modification on titanium dioxide particles: Improving the anti-icing performance through a very hydrophobic surface
摘要： In this study, fluorine modification was successfully conducted on titanium dioxide (TiO2) to enhance the anti-icing property through fabricating a very hydrophobic surface. TiO2 was firstly modified with 3-methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane (MPS) to introduce C=C bonds. Then, dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFHMA) monomers were successfully grafted on the TiO2 particles via C=C bonds introduced by MPS. Herein, azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was used as initiator to initiate the reaction. The chemical components of the TiO2 particles were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS analysis of fluorine-modified TiO2 revealed that the fluorine content reached a peak value of 7.3%, while the water contact angle enhanced to a maximum value of 146o. This water contact angle value of 146o was dramatically increased by 131o in comparison with unmodified TiO2, indicating a very hydrophobic surface. The crystallization temperature of a water droplet on the corresponding fluorine-modified TiO2 decreased to -19.4 oC (10.3 oC decrease in comparison with that of a water droplet on unmodified TiO2). Also, the freezing delay time on the fluorine-modified TiO2 is more than 25 min under the testing temperature of -10 oC, exhibiting excellent anti-icing property.
关键词： Azobisisobutyronitrile,Fluorine modification,Anti-icing property,Dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate,Titanium dioxide
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Initial evaluation of <scp>PET</scp> / <scp>CT</scp> with <sup>18</sup> F‐ <scp>FSU</scp> ‐880 targeting prostate‐specific membrane antigen in prostate cancer patients
摘要： This first-in-man study was carried out to evaluate the safety, whole-body distribution, dose estimation, and lesion accumulation of 18F-FSU-880, a newly developed probe targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen. Six prostate cancer patients with known metastatic lesions underwent serial whole-body PET/computed tomography (CT) with 18F-FSU-880. Blood and urine were analyzed before and after PET/CT. Accumulation of 18F-FSU-880 in organs and metastatic lesions in serial PET images were evaluated by measuring the standardized uptake values. From the biodistribution data, the organ doses and whole-body effective dose were calculated using OLINDA/EXM software. 18F-FSU-880 PET/CT could be carried out without significant adverse effects. High physiological uptake was observed in the salivary/lachrymal glands and kidneys. The effective dose was calculated to be 0.921 × 10?2 mSv/MBq. Known metastatic lesions were clearly visualized with high image contrast that increased with time, except in 1 patient, whose bone metastases were well-controlled and inactive. The PET/CT with 18F-FSU-880 could be carried out safely and could clearly visualize active metastatic lesions. The present results warrant further clinical studies with a larger number of cases to verify the clinical utility of 18F-FSU-880 PET/CT in the management of prostate cancer patients.
关键词： dosimetry,prostate cancer,prostate-specific membrane antigen,positron emission tomography/computed tomography,fluorine-18
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Relationship of Water Content With Silicon and Fluorine Contents of Silicone-Hydrogel Contact Lens Materials
摘要： Objectives: The relationship between water (W) content and silicon (Si) content of silicone-hydrogel (SiHy) contact lens materials was inspected using identical methodologies, equipment, and operators for materials composing 16 types of commercially available SiHy contact lenses. Fluorine (F) content was included in the analysis for the three materials also containing a fluoropolymer. One type of lens consisted of a bulk SiHy material coated with thin layers of conventional hydrogel. Methods: SiHy materials were obtained in the form of 16 contact lens brands purchased on the open market in a common range of refractive powers from -3 to +6 D in single lots. All test lenses were equilibrated at room temperature in a standard saline recommended in the American National Standards Institute Z80.20-2016 and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 18369-4:2017 standards. W content was obtained gravimetrically, in %, according to those standards for 16 lenses of each SiHy material. Si content was determined in % using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy for four digested lenses of each material. F content was determined in % using an ion-selective electrode for four combusted lenses of each of the three fluorinated SiHy materials. W and Si contents of the bulk SiHy material of the coated lens were estimated by computational exclusion of the hydrogel layers. Results: The linear coefficients of determination (R2, n=16) were 0.7576 (relating mean dry Si content [n=4] to mean W content [n=16]) and 0.8819 (relating mean hydrated Si content [n=4] to mean W content [n=16]). When the 4 SiHy materials that were fluorinated or coated were excluded from the analysis, the R2 values (n=12) were 0.8869 and 0.9263, respectively. When F contents and the coating were added to the assessments, the linear coefficients of determination (R2, n=16) became 0.8948 (relating mean dry [Si+F] content to mean W content) and 0.9397 (relating mean hydrated [Si+F] content to mean W content). Conclusions: There is a fundamental negative linear relationship between Si and W contents for SiHy contact lens materials above 35% W content that is followed when F content and hydrogel coatings are empirically added to the analysis below 35% W content. The relationship was tightest for hydrated (Si+F) content and W content, for which the regression equation had an R2 of 0.9397: (Si+F)= -0.3073 (W)+22.148. The relationship between (Si+F) and W therefore seems to be based on composition rather than structure of available SiHy contact lens materials.
关键词： Water content,Contact lenses,Silicone,Silicon,Hydrogel,Fluorine
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Preparation and characterization of UV-curable fluorine-silicon block urethane acrylates for application in release films
摘要： A series of fluorine-silicon block urethane acrylates (PSi-FMPG-IPDI-HEMA) were synthesized from hydroxypropyl-terminated polysiloxane (PSi), newly-prepared fluorodiol (FMPG), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA). Their molecular structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared and gel permeation chromatography. The compatibility of the oligomers with HFMA was validated using UV–vis transmittance analysis. The thermal stability, water and chemical resistance, contact angles and anti-adhesive performance of the films were measured. It was found all the films had good thermal properties, and excellent water and chemical resistance. The FMPG content affected the surface energy and anti-adhesive performance of the films. The films with more FMPG presented lower surface energy, lower peel strength, and higher residual adhesion. More importantly, the release films designed based on the fluorine-silicon block urethane acrylates had tremendous application potential.
关键词： Anti-adhesive performance,Surface energy,Fluorine-silicon block urethane acrylates,Thermal stability
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Application of Fluorine-18-Deoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography and Gallium Scan for Assessment in a Patient With Adult-Onset Still's Disease
摘要： A 53-year-old female patient suffered from pain in almost her entire body, particularly the joints. Chest computed tomography revealed multiple lymphadenopathies over cervical, mediastinal, and axillary areas. A fluorine-18-deoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) revealed increased FDG uptake in many lymph nodes and the spleen. Lymphoma was suspected. However, the result of a biopsy showed no malignancy, and the gallium-67 citrate scan showed no gallium-avid tumor throughout the whole body. Adult-onset Still's disease was diagnosed and the patient responded well to steroid therapy. The follow-up PET/CT six months later showed complete remission of the FDG-avid lesions seen in the previous PET/CT. Our study suggests that FDG PET/CT combined with gallium-67 scan may be helpful in diagnosing patients with adult-onset Still's disease. In addition, the use of FDG PET/CT alone may be useful for the evaluation of disease distribution, disease activity, and therapeutic response.
关键词： fluorine-18-deoxyglucose,Adult-onset Still's disease,positron emission tomography/computed tomography,gallium-67
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Cardanol and Guaiacol sourced Solution-Processable Green Small Molecules based Organic Solar Cells
摘要： An environment compatible organic solar cell (OSC) has potential to build a global clean energy infrastructure for the world. However, much less attention has been focused on the structures sourced from greener origin, to enhance the sustainability aspect of these devices. Herein, we report a rational design, synthesis and characterization of donor (D)-acceptor (A) based green organic small molecules, consisting of difluoro-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTF2) as the acceptor, with a thiophene (T) and renewable resource materials, cardanol (C) and guaiacol (G) as the donor materials. The reference molecule, abbreviated as T4BTF2, is fully petro-sourced, while C2T2BTF2, G2T2BTF2 are partly renewable origin molecules. A broad and strong absorption characteristics ranging from 300 to 600 nm along with higher thermal stability is supportive for the utility of the greener origin small molecules in solar cells. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations revealed that G2T2BTF2 is highly planar than C2T2BTF2 due to the difference in the positioning of alkyl/alkoxy chain. Bulk heterojunction OSCs with PC71BM as the acceptor, G2T2BTF2 exhibited the high Voc of 0.83 V among all the analysed small molecules. When compared with the reference molecule T4BTF2, G2T2BTF2 showed a high PCE of 5.56 % with a high Jsc of 10.98 mA/cm2 and FF of 0.61, whereas the PCEs of T4BTF2 and C2T2BTF2 are 3.98 % and 3.23%, respectively. Our work demonstrates a rational approach to synthesize and develop green organic semiconductors using the bio-feedstock derived starting materials for realizing efficient and environment compatible OSCs.
关键词： Organic small-molecules,Green organic solar cells,Renewable phenols,fluorine substituents,Sustainable,donor-acceptor
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01