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Research progress of low-dimensional metal halide perovskites for lasing applications
摘要： Metal halide perovskites have been regarded as remarkable materials for next-generation light-harvesting and light emission devices. Due to their unique optical properties, such as high absorption coefficient, high optical gain, low trapping-state density, and ease of band gap engineering, perovskites promise to be used in lasing devices. In this article, the recent progresses of microlasers based on reduced-dimensional structures including nanoplatelets, nanowires, and quantum dots are reviewed from both fundamental photophysics and device applications. Furthermore, perovskite-based plasmonic nanolasers and polariton lasers are summarized. Perspectives on perovskite-based small lasers are also discussed. This review can serve as an overview and evaluation of state-of-the-art micro/nanolaser science.
关键词： microlaser,laser,nanostructure,emission,perovskite
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:21
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Laser Sources Based on Rare-Earth Ion Doped Tellurite Glass Fibers and Microspheres
摘要： In recent years, huge progress has been made in the development of rare-earth ion doped tellurite glass laser sources, ranging from watt- and multiwatt-level fiber lasers to nanowatt level microsphere lasers. Significant success has been achieved in extending the spectral range of tellurite fiber lasers generating at wavelengths beyond 2 μm as well as in theoretical understanding. This review is aimed at discussing the state of the art of neodymium-, erbium-, thulium-, and holmium-doped tellurite glass fiber and microsphere lasers.
关键词： microsphere laser,tellurite glass fiber,microlaser,rare-earth ions,tellurite fiber laser
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Tunable topological charge vortex microlaser
摘要： The orbital angular momentum (OAM) intrinsically carried by vortex light beams holds a promise for multidimensional high-capacity data multiplexing, meeting the ever-increasing demands for information. Development of a dynamically tunable OAM light source is a critical step in the realization of OAM modulation and multiplexing. By harnessing the properties of total momentum conservation, spin-orbit interaction, and optical non-Hermitian symmetry breaking, we demonstrate an OAM-tunable vortex microlaser, providing chiral light states of variable topological charges at a single telecommunication wavelength. The scheme of the non–Hermitian-controlled chiral light emission at room temperature can be further scaled up for simultaneous multivortex emissions in a flexible manner. Our work provides a route for the development of the next generation of multidimensional OAM-spin-wavelength division multiplexing technology.
关键词： data multiplexing,orbital angular momentum,chiral light emission,non-Hermitian symmetry breaking,vortex light beams,spin-orbit interaction,microlaser,telecommunication wavelength
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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A mechanically bendable and conformally attachable polymer membrane microlaser array enabled by digital interference lithography
摘要： The progressive miniaturization and thinning of photonic devices would enable the realization of multi-functional photonic integrated circuits and expand the application frontier to novel fields including wearable and disposable electronics. Herein, we have demonstrated a mechanically bendable and conformally attachable polymer membrane microcavity laser array using digital interference lithography. The developed lithography system could distribute a number of subwavelength grating pixels with both high efficiency (1k pixels per second) and excellent versatility (ease of control in the pixel size, spacing, and grating periodicity) as the microcavity laser array, in which a pair of subwavelength gratings constitutes a distributed Bragg resonator microcavity via coherent interference, furnishes a vertically emitting microcavity laser array for convenient light coupling and utilization. The microlaser array polymer membrane presented a total thickness of only 30 μm with excellent performance stability and reliability against long time operation and harsh environmental conditions, which could be further reversibly stretched, repeatedly bendable and conformally attached onto rounded or irregular surfaces or biological tissues with no degradation in single-mode or low-threshold characteristics, paving a way for on-chip optical functionalization toward wearable electronics and outdoor environmental monitoring applications.
关键词： polymer membrane,digital interference lithography,microlaser array,mechanically bendable,conformally attachable
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Specific Features of the Currenta??Voltage Characteristic of Microdisk Lasers Based on InGaAs/GaAs Quantum Well-Dots
摘要： Injection microlasers with an active region based on arrays of InGaAs/GaAs quantum well-dots, formed by deep etching, have been studied. The manner in which the current–voltage characteristic changes when the diameter microlaser is reduced shows that a nonelectrically conducting layer with thickness of about 1.5 μ m is formed near the side surface, which leads to a decrease in the effective current flow area.
关键词： quantum dots,current–voltage characteristic,semiconductor laser,microlaser
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Comparative Analysis of Injection Microdisk Lasers Based on InGaAsN Quantum Wells and InAs/InGaAs Quantum Dots
摘要： The results of comparative analysis of the spectral and threshold characteristics of room-temperature injection microdisk lasers of the spectral range 1.2×× μ m with different active regions, notably, InGaAsN/GaAs quantum wells or InAs/InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots are presented. It is found that microlasers of a comparable size with quantum wells possess a larger laser generation threshold when compared with microlasers with quantum dots. At the same time, the latter are characterized by a noticeably smaller fraction of emitted power corresponding to laser modes. The jump to lasing via an excited-state optical transition is also characteristic for them. Microdisk lasers based on InGaAsN alloy do not have these disadvantages.
关键词： nitrogen-containing semiconductors,quantum dots,quantum wells,microlaser
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Controlled Assembly of Upconverting Nanoparticles for Low-Threshold Microlasers and Their Imaging in Scattering Media
摘要： Micron-sized lasers fabricated from upconverting nanoparticles (UCNP) coupled to whispering gallery mode (WGM) microresonators can exhibit continuous-wave anti-Stokes lasing useful for tracking cells, environmental sensing, and coherent stimulation of biological activity. The integration of these microlasers into organisms and microelectronics requires even smaller diameters, however, which raises threshold pump powers beyond practical limits for biological applications. To meet the need for low lasing thresholds and high ?delity fabrication methods, we use correlative optical and electron microscopy to uncover the nanoparticle assembly process and structural factors that determine e?cient upconverted lasing. We show that 5 μm microspheres with controlled submonolayer UCNP coatings exhibit, on average, 25-fold lower laser thresholds (1.7 ± 0.7 kW/cm2) compared to the mean values of the lowest threshold UCNP lasers, and variability is reduced 30-fold. WGMs are observed in the upconversion spectra for TiO2-coated microspheres as small as 3 μm, a size at which optical losses had previously prevented such observations. Finally, we demonstrate that these upconverting microlasers can be imaged and distinguished through tissue-mimicking phantoms. These advances will enable the fabrication of more e?cient upconverting lasers for imaging, sensing, and actuation in optically complex environments.
关键词： self-assembly,nanoparticle,upconversion,anti-Stokes laser,microlaser
更新于2025-09-19 17:13:59
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Biocompatible microlasers based on polyvinyl alcohol microspheres
摘要： Biocompatible microlasers, generally made of bio-derived materials, are promising for biosensing and cell-tracking. These kinds of lasers offer favourable opportunities like biocompatibility and biodegradability but the materials used often require complicated synthesis and high cost. In this work, we demonstrate that polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a synthetic water-soluble low-cost polymer, with fascinating properties such as good transparency, biocompatibility, biodegradability is an excellent candidate for making laser cavity. Using a simple and effective technique, dye-doped PVA microspheres can be fabricated with various sizes from 10 to 200 μm. These microspheres can act as excellent lasers under optical excitation with a lasing threshold of ~2 μJ/mm2 and Q factor of lasing modes of ~3000. The lasing mechanism is studied and it is ascribed to WGM. Size-dependent lasing characteristics including lasing spectrum, Q factor and lasing threshold are investigated. Owing to the ease of fabrication, the cost-effectiveness, the biocompatibility of the PVA material, our biocompatible microlasers are promising for future biosensing applications.
关键词： Whispering gallery mode,Microlaser,Polyvinyl alcohol,Biocompatible
更新于2025-09-16 10:30:52
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An Erbium-Doped Fiber Whispering-Gallery-Mode Microcavity Laser
摘要： A kind of whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) micro-cavities has been fabricated by melting a corroded erbium-doped fiber with a fiber-fusion splicer. The quality factor (Q) value of the microcavity can reach as high as 3×107. The microcavity is pumped by a wavelength-tunable laser source, and due to the high-Q characteristics, the laser threshold can be as low as 21.2 μW in a 60-μm-diameter microsphere-like cavity. By tuning the frequency of the pump laser at 1485 nm with 19.6 GHz, we can tune the WGM microcavity laser by 17.3 GHz around 1578.25 nm.
关键词： Erbium,whispering gallery mode (WGM),microcavity,microlaser
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22
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Size-controlled Patterning of Single-crystalline Perovskites Arrays toward Tunable High-performance Microlaser
摘要： Single-crystalline halide perovskites with regular morphology are of great significance for laser applications because they can be used to fabricate a natural whispering-gallery-mode resonator. Although enormous efforts have been put to synthesize single-crystalline perovskites, controlling the lateral size and thickness of the crystal, particularly at the nanoscale, is still challenging. Here, we report a facile and high-throughput strategy to selectively one-step create micro/nanoscale size-controlled all-inorganic perovskite single-crystal arrays by surface-tension-confined evaporative assembly. Our method can be used to easily tune the single crystal size and selectively position the single crystal, with versatility in fabricating perovskite single-crystal arrays in wafer scale. When the patterned size increases from 2 to 25 μm, the width of the CsPbClBr2 perovskite microplates increased from 150 nm to 4.2 μm. Fixing the width of the microplates at 1.6 μm, with the increase of the sliding speed from 50 to 250 mm/min, we could significantly control the thicknesses from 270 nm to 430 nm. Additionally, our present study provides a characterization of lasers based on different three-dimensional structures, confirming their width-dependence lasing mode and thickness-dependence lasing threshold characteristic, which is beneficial for the tunability of high-performance microlaser.
关键词： microlaser,surface-tension-confined,single crystal,halide-perovskite,evaporative assembly
更新于2025-09-12 10:27:22