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[IEEE 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Waikoloa Village, HI, USA (2018.6.10-2018.6.15)] 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC & 34th EU PVSEC) - Commercial Test of Anti-Reflective Coating on First Solar Cadmium Telluride PV Modules
摘要： Anti-reflective coatings (ARC) are commonly applied to photovoltaic (PV) modules in the solar industry to increase power and energy output. In addition to characterization of initial module power and angle of incidence modifier (IAM), it is important to verify that the expected gain is observed in commercial system operation. This analysis shows the increased performance of ARC First Solar CdTe PV modules compared to non-ARC equivalent modules in a commercial test in New South Wales, Australia. PPI analysis indicates a sustained ARC performance gain over time, suggesting good ARC durability. Detailed actual-expected analysis shows both array types performing at or above expected levels after almost 2 years in the field. ARC arrays show slightly greater benefit than predicted compared to non-ARC arrays.
关键词： CdTe thin film photovoltaics,solar power generation,performance analysis,photovoltaic systems,PV anti-reflective coatings,solar energy
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Performance Evaluation of Short Parabolic Trough Collectors Integrated with a Small-Scale Solar Power and Heating System
摘要： An investigation is presented on the performance of a small-scale solar power and heating system with short parabolic trough collectors (PTCs). The steady-state model of the short PTCs is evaluated with outside experiments. The model mainly contains the heat loss of the receiver, the peak optical efficiency and the incident angle factor consisting of incident angle modifier and end loss. It is found that the end loss effect is essential in this model when the length of the PTCs is less than 48 m, especially in the winter. The standard deviation of the steady-state model is 1.4%. Moreover, the potential energy efficiency ratio of the solar power and heating system is considerably larger than the coefficient of performance (COP) of general air-source heat pumps, and increases with the decrease of the condensation temperature. An overall system efficiency of 49% can be reached. Lastly, the existence of a water storage tank improves the flexibility of heating the building, and the volume of the water storage tank decreases with the increase of the heating water temperature.
关键词： practical operating characteristics,parabolic trough solar collector,thermal performance,testing method,small-scale
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Facet effect on the photoelectrochemical performance of a WO3/BiVO4 heterojunction photoanode
摘要： Different WO3 facets have different surface energies and electronic structures, and exhibit different water oxidation abilities and photocatalytic performance as a result. Because of the material’s limited photoresponse region, loading a narrow bandgap material on WO3 is a generally known method for improving photo-harvesting. In this paper, we have synthesized WO3 films with different crystal facet ratios. After loading BiVO4 on these WO3 films, we measured the photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance to investigate the effects of WO3 facet choice on the heterojunction film electrode’s performance. We found that a high-intensity ratio of the (002) WO3 facet in X-ray diffraction (XRD) leads to a more negative onset potential and higher photocurrents in a lower potential region. The ultraviolet photoelectron spectra show a lower work function for the 002-dominant WO3 film compared to other WO3 films, which may result in a higher quasi-fermi level for the heterojunction electrode. Based on the XRD results, the high-intensity ratio of the (002) WO3 facet preferentially exposes the (020) BiVO4 facet, which may be a reason for the better charge extraction observed at low applied potential and high faradic efficiency on PEC water splitting. Together, this results in a high hole injection efficiency for 002-dominant WO3/BiVO4 films compared with WO3/BiVO4 films favoring other WO3 facet ratios.
关键词： BiVO4,WO3,Photoelectrochemical performance,Facet effect,Heterojunction
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Fluorine-substituted TPE isomers with different triboluminescent behavior
摘要： Three isomers of fluorine-substituted tetraphenylethenes (TPE) demonstrate totally different triboluminescence (TL) behavior, as the results of their ignorable structural difference. Photophysical properties, packing model, single-crystal structure and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that bright TL emission is attributed to the high emission, intense intermolecular interaction and large dipole moments in solid state, indicating the introduction of fluorine atoms as an effective approach for realizing and modifying the TL performance.
关键词： isomer,tetraphenylethene,structure-packing-performance,fluorine-substituted,triboluminescent
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Superior photocatalytic activity of tungsten disulfide nanostructures: role of morphology and defects
摘要： Tungsten disulphide (WS2) nanostructures, WS2 nanosheets (WNS) and WS2 nanorods (WNR), were synthesized by varying the surfactant, N-cetyl-N,N,N-trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), concentration using facile hydrothermal technique. Samples were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) for morphology, X-ray diffraction (XRD) to confirm their phase and crystal structure, photoluminescence (PL) and Raman studies for the determination of defect density, Tauc plot for the determination of band gap, Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) spectroscopy for functional groups and bonds, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) isotherms for the determination of pore size and surface area. A comparative study using WS2 nanostructures (WNS and WNR) was conducted to observe the photocatalytic degradation efficiency (?) and degradation kinetics on methylene blue (MB) and 4-chlorophenol (4-CP). The superior photocatalytic performance of WNS over WNR is attributed to enhanced pore size and reduced defect density. High-performance liquid chromatography was carried out for the determination of intermediate products during photocatalytic degradation.
关键词： Raman,High-performance liquid chromatography,WS2 nanostructures,Photoluminescence,Photocatalysis
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Mg dependent Sunlight photocatalytic performance of Nickel ferrite synthesized by a green sol-gel route
摘要： We report an environmentally friendly synthetic strategy to synthesize new nickel ferrite and Mg doped nickel ferrite photocatalysts under modified green sol-gel route in which Aloe Vera gel acts as a natural template. The crystalline phase, surface morphology and size of the prepared photocatalysts were characterized by PXRD, SEM, TEM and HRTEM analysis. The energy band gap of the nanoparticles (NPs) can be tuned in the range of 2.55–2.34 eV by varying the dopant concentration. The photoluminescence analysis indicates that the present NPs are an effective white component in display applications. These synthesized NPs were used for photocatalytic decomposition of recalcitrant pollutants in aqueous media under Sunlight irradiation. When compared to pure, NiFe2O4: Mg2+ (5 mol %), the NiFe2O4: Mg2+ (1mol %) exhibits the highest photocatalytic efficiency for the decomposition of recalcitrant pollutants than that of commercial P25.This enhancement in photocatalytic performance can be mainly attributed to the balance between the parameters, crystallanity,band gap, morphology, crystallite size, defects, dopant amount and combined facets of photocatalysis It opens new window to use this simple greener route to synthesize bi-functional character NPs in the area of photocatalysis particularly waste water treatment and display applications.
关键词： Photo-Fenton catalytic performance,Photoluminescence,Green Sol-gel route,NiFe2O4:Mg2+NPs
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Free Exciton Absorptions and Quasi-reversible Redox Actions in Polypyrrole–Polyaniline–Zinc Oxide Nanocomposites as Electron Transporting Layer for Organic Light Emitting Diode and Electrode Material for Supercapacitors
摘要： The ternary nanocomposite comprised of PPY–PANI (polypyrrole–polyaniline) copolymer and zinc oxide (ZnO), synthesized by implying chemical oxidative polymerization of pyrrole monomer in presence of ammonium persulfate as oxidant with varying ZnO concentrations. The shifting of bands and their corresponding change in nano-strain of as-prepared PPY–PANI–ZnO nanocomposite of varying concentration was confirmed by the Fourier transform inferred spectroscopy (FTIR). The surface morphological images of PPY–PANI–ZnO nanocomposites revealed the nano-flake like structure attributed to the embodiment of ZnO and increase in agglomeration was detected with the increasing concentration of ZnO. The optimized reduction in band gap up to ~ 1.02 eV and red-shift of absorption edge of ZnO in visible region side was detected for 10% PPY–PANI–ZnO nanocomposite. The relatively slow decay component and higher non radiative electron–hole recombination rate showed the better electron transport properties with chromaticity in ideal blue region for 10% PPY–PANI–ZnO nanocomposite. The higher current density ~ 7.95 A/cm2, high dielectric constant ~ 1960 at 373 K, high reduction potential ~ + 0.687 V with high specific capacitance (~ 436.14 F/g) at 10 mV s?1 and better thermal firmness was observed for 10% PPY–PANI–ZnO nanocomposite. The relatively high discharge time ~ 2600 s and high power density with meagre loss in energy density at high current density was also observed for 10% PPY–PANI–ZnO nanocomposite. These robust properties confirmed that the proposed 10% PPY–PANI–ZnO nanocomposite could be employed as electron transporting material for OLEDs as well as for high performance and efficient supercapacitors.
关键词： PPY–PANI–ZnO nanocomposites,Electrochemical performance,Chemical oxidative polymerization,PL,Electron transport layer
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Modulating Electrical Performances of In <sub/>2</sub> O <sub/>3</sub> Nanofiber Channel Thin Film Transistors via Sr Doping
摘要： Although In2O3 nanofibers (NFs) are considered as one of the fundamental building blocks for future electronics, the further development of these NFs devices is still seriously hindered by the large leakage current, low on/off current ratio (Ion/Ioff), and large negative threshold voltage (VTH) due to the excess carriers existed in the NFs. A simple one-step electrospinning process is employed here to effectively control the carrier concentration of In2O3 NFs by selectively doping strontium (Sr) element to improve their electrical device performance. The optimal devices (3.6 mol% Sr doping concentration) can yield the high field-effect mobility (μfe ≈ 3.67 cm2 V?1 s?1), superior Ion/Ioff ratio (≈108), and operation in the energy-efficient enhancement-mode. High-κ Al2O3 thin films can also be employed as the gate dielectric to give the gate voltage greatly reduced by 10× (from 40 to 4 V) and the μfe substantially increased by 4.8× (to 17.2 cm2 V?1 s?1). The electrospun E-mode Sr-In2O3 NF field-effect transistors (NFFETs) can as well be integrated into full swing of inverters with excellent performances, further elucidating the significant advance of this electrospinning technique toward practical applications for future low-cost, energy-efficient, large-scale, and high-performance electronics.
关键词： enhancement mode,Sr element,high performance,In2O3 nanofiber,inverter
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Performance improvement of baffle-type solar air collector based on first chamber narrowing
摘要： This paper proposes a novel idea to optimize thermal performance of baffle-type solar air collector by narrowing the first chamber through rearranging the baffles in the collector. The collector with five chambers divided by four baffles was investigated numerically and experimentally, and the mechanism of performance improvement was revealed by flow and heat transfer analysis. The simulation results show that the width of first chamber has significant influence on thermal efficiency, while has little influence on pressure drop. The maximum thermal-efficiency growth rate can be achieved when the width of the first chamber is 200 mm with the total chamber size of 2000 mm × 1000 mm × 120 mm, and the value is up to 16.90% compared with the model with evenly distributed baffles during the Reynolds number ranges from 1.8–5.5 × 10^3. A test rig was developed at the ratio of 1:0.5 to the numerical model. Four collector models were studied under three working conditions, and effectiveness of this method is verified. The results show that the first-chamber narrowing method has relatively stable optimization effect with a thermal-efficiency growth rate ranges from 9.73% to 16.10% in the experiment. It means that this method is not sensitive to scale change and has certain adaptability.
关键词： Experimental verification,Numerical simulation,Performance optimization,First chamber narrowing,Solar air collector
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52
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Numerical and outdoor real time experimental investigation of performance of PCM based PVT system
摘要： Photovoltaic power generation is a suitable option to counter depleting and environmentally hazardous fossil fuels. However, increased cell temperature of the photovoltaic module reduces the electrical performance. Therefore, for enhancing the electrical performance as well as to obtain the useful thermal, a combined photovoltaic thermal system is suitable technology. Furthermore, the addition of phase change materials into photovoltaic thermal systems adds more dual benefits in terms of cooling of PV cell as well as heat storage. Hence, there are still issues to transfer heat from the system efficiently, which cause lower performance of PVT and PVT-PCM systems. In this paper, the aluminium material of thermal collector is used by introducing a novel design to enhance heat transfer performance, which is assembled in PVT and PVT-PCM systems. Experimental validation is carried out for the 3D FEM-based numerical analysis with COMSOL Multiphysics? at 200 W/m2 to 1000 W/m2 varying irradiation levels while keeping mass flow rate fixed at 0.5LPM and inlet water temperature at 32 °C. The experiment is carried out at outdoor free weather conditions with passive cooling of the module by an overhead water tank scheme. A good agreement in numerical and experimental results is achieved through experimental validation. Cell temperature reduction of 12.6 °C and 10.3 °C is achieved from the PV module in case of the PVT-PCM system. The highest value of the electrical efficiency achieved is 13.72 13.56% for PV and 13.85 and 13.74% for PVT numerically and experimentally respectively. Similarly, for PVT-PCM, electrical efficiency is achieved as 13.98 and 13.87% numerically and experimentally respectively. In the case of the PVT system, electrical performance is improved as 6.2 and 4.8% and for PVT-PCM, it is improved as 7.2 and 7.6% for numerically and experimentally respectively.
关键词： PCM,PV/T,Performance,Solar irradiation
更新于2025-09-23 15:23:52