研究目的
Investigating the design and performance of a concentrated solar photovoltaic thermal (CSPVT) system to improve energy yields and efficiencies of PV panels.
研究成果
CSPVTs can improve the electrical efficiencies of solar panels by over 60%. When designed well, the heat recovery system achieved by cooling the panels can exceed 80% efficiency. Tracking itself improves the performance of PV panels by at least 30%, while cooling and reflecting can add 20 and 15% respectively. CSPVT systems can recover over 50% of the energy dissipated from PV panel cells. Depending on the quality and type, reflectors can increase the incident radiation and the optical efficiency of the panel by at least 34%.
研究不足
Due to academic deadlines, the experiments were limited to 10 days, as extending the duration would result in a year delay on the completion of the program. Nevertheless, the ten days were good enough to estimate the performance of the CSPVT. The variation of the meteorological conditions during the period of the experimental analysis was able to show performances resulting from different weather conditions except those for extreme winter.
1：Experimental Design and Method Selection:
The methodology used was of 'design, construction and experimentation' type. Two systems were tested simultaneously, and results therefrom, compared. MATLAB and TRNSYS software simulation aided in calculating some of the variables used.
2：Sample Selection and Data Sources:
Testing was done between the months of September and October 2018 in Cape Town, South Africa. The experiments were done on top of the roof of the Mechanical Engineering department at CPUT, where a first class weather station and two identical 90Wp mono-crystalline PV panels are installed.
3：List of Experimental Equipment and Materials:
The CSPVT used consisted of a 90Wp mono-crystalline solar panel, a 24L thermal water storage tank, a concentrating collector and a tracking mechanism.
4：Experimental Procedures and Operational Workflow:
Solar radiation arriving on site was measured using the mentioned weather station and electric energy harvest was monitored by logging 15 minute PV generated voltages and currents in the weather station data logger. Thermal energy was monitored half hourly by direct readings of thermometers inserted at the bottom and top of the solar syphon tank.
5：Data Analysis Methods:
The performance of CSPVT was determined from the thermal and electrical efficiency of the same. The sum of the two characteristics is the overall or total efficiency of the CSPVT.
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