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Over-Stretching Tolerant Conductors on Rubber Films by Inkjet-Printing Silver Nanoparticles for Wearables
摘要： The necessity to place sensors far away from the processing unit in smart clothes or artificial skins for robots may require conductive wirings on stretchable materials at very low-cost. In this work, we present an easy method to produce wires using only commercially available materials. A consumer grade inkjet printer was used to print a wire of silver nanoparticles with a sheet resistance below 1 Ω/sq. on a non-pre-strained sheet of elastic silicone. This wire was stretched more than 10,000 times and was still conductive afterwards. The viscoelastic behavior of the substrate results in a temporarily increased resistance that decreases to almost the original value. After over-stretching, the wire is conductive within less than a second. We analyze the swelling of the silicone due to the ink’s solvent and the nanoparticle film on top by microscope and SEM images. Finally, a 60 mm long stretchable conductor was integrated onto wearables, and showed that it can bear strains of up to 300% and recover to a conductivity that allows the operation of an assembled LED assembled at only 1.8 V. These self-healing wires can serve as wiring and binary strain or pressure sensors in sportswear, compression underwear, and in robotic applications.
关键词： silver nanoparticles,stretchable,printed electronics,wearables,inkjet printing
更新于2025-09-23 15:22:29
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Inkjet Printing Matrix Perovskite Quantum Dot Lighta??Emitting Devices
摘要： Perovskite light emitting devices have been expected to be utilized in the field of displays. In this work, a stable FA0.3Cs0.7PbBr3 perovskite quantum dot ink with optimized octane:dodecane cosolvent is obtained by introducing a trace amount of long-chain ligand of oleylamine (OAm) during the quantum dot purification process. A green electroluminescent matrix device with 120 pixels per inch (PPI) is realized from the ink by using an inkjet printing technique, exhibiting a luminance of 1233 cd m?2, a peak current efficiency of 10.3 cd A?1, and an external quantum efficiency of 2.8%. The results may suggest a possibility of making perovskite quantum dot displays by using the inkjet printing technique.
关键词： perovskite quantum dots,inkjet printing,light-emitting diodes
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Inkjet printing a small-molecule binary emitting layer for organic light-emitting diodes
摘要： For inkjet-printed organic light-emitting diodes, it is critical to obtain a homogeneous small molecular-based emitting film. In contrast to the conventional strategy of utilizing mixed solvents, we have successfully inkjet printed a binary electrophosphorescent emitter with a single solvent. The binary emitter consists of a new host material of 3-(3,6-di-t-butylcarbazol-9-yl)-3'-(2-(4-t-butylphenyl)benzoimidazol-1-yl)-[1,1'-biphenyl], and an iridium complex dopant of bis(2-methyldibenzo[f,h]quinoxaline)(acetylacetonate)- iridium(III) (Ir(MDQ)2(acac)). Compatible with Ir(MDQ)2(acac), the newly developed host is highly soluble and amorphous with a glass transition temperature of 137 oC upon cooling from the melt. The inkjet printability and film morphology of the emitting layer are strongly dependent both on substrates and the solvents. With the o-dichlorobenzene (o-DCB) as the single solvent, and poly[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-co-(4,4?-(N-(p-butylphenyl))diphenylamine)] (TFB) as the hole transporting layer, a uniform emitter film morphology without any coffee ring is obtained. The phosphorescent OLEDs with the inkjet-printed emitter yields a maximum current efficiency of 17.89 cd/A, comparable to that of the Ir(MDQ)2(acac)?based OLEDs with spin-cast emitter.
关键词： Dewetting,Coffee ring,Inkjet printing,Phosphorescent OLEDs,Small molecules
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Inkjeta??Printed TiO <sub/>2</sub> /Fullerene Composite Films for Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
摘要： Perovskite solar cells have garnered and held international research interest, due to ever-climbing power conversion efficiency values, now >25%. Some high efficiency configurations utilize a compact TiO2 layer underneath a mesoporous TiO2 layer, both of which require high temperature annealing steps that could hinder perovskite commercialization. To address the high thermal budget, we chose to use inkjet-printing to combine the two layers into a single TiO2 film, which incorporates both nanoparticle and molecular precursor as well as organic fullerene additives. We printed the ink on fluorine-doped tin oxide, and after annealing at various temperatures, we found that 400°C was the optimum annealing temperature for the inkjet-printed electron transport layers, which is significantly lower than the 500°C required to anneal typical mesoporous TiO2 films.
关键词： composite transport layer,inkjet printing,perovskite solar cells,solar cells
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Direct Patterning of Piezoelectric Thin Films by Inkjet Printing
摘要： Inkjet printing is currently gaining momentum as a low-cost and eco-friendly additive manufacturing technique for electronics. Patterning of functional metal oxide thin films on high surface energy substrates via inkjet printing remains a challenge and requires assistance from lithographic processes. This work unveils a novel process for lithography and etching-free patterning of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) films on pristine platinized silicon through the use of inkjet-printed alkanethiolate-based templates. The technique requires neither lithography nor etching, respectively, before and after PZT printing. The described process allows for feature sizes in the sub-100 μm range with control over the thickness of the final film. Inkjet-printed PZT displays typical ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties of solution-derived thin films, with remnant polarization 13 μC cm?2, coercive field 58 kV cm?1, permittivity 900, dielectric losses 0.07, and effective longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient 50 pm V?1.
关键词： piezoelectrics,lead zirconate titanate,inkjet printing,patterning,self-assembled monolayers
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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[IEEE 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) - Honolulu, HI, USA (2018.7.18-2018.7.21)] 2018 40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC) - Inkjet Printed Parallel Plate Capacitors Using PVP Polymer Dielectric Ink on Flexible Polyimide Substrates
摘要： Inkjet printing (IJP) is an exciting new additive manufacturing technology that promises monolithic electronic circuit fabrication of μm thin low-cost large-area electronic low-cost body-worn flexible sensors. In this work, we demonstrate inkjet printed multilayer metal-dielectric-metal capacitors on flexible polyimide (PI) substrate by formulating a custom dielectric ink based on Poly 4-vinylphenol (PVP). Silver nanoparticle ink was used for printing the conductive parallel metal plates. We also demonstrate control over the capacitance values by varying the design parameters and succeeded in printing capacitors in the range 8.8 pF to 467 pF, with excellent repeatability on flexible PI substrates. A functional LC circuit using these printed capacitors has been designed and demonstrated to have a resonance frequency of 24.3 MHz. These results are a vital step forward towards monolithic printing of flexible electronic circuits using IJP technique for many applications such as body-worn sensors.
关键词： Inkjet printing,PVP dielectric ink,flexible electronics,polyimide substrate,capacitors
更新于2025-09-23 15:21:01
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Surface Engineered Colloidal Quantum Dots Toward Complete Green Process
摘要： The rising demand for eradicating hazardous substances in the workplace has motivated vigorous researches on environmentally-sustainable manufacturing processes of colloidal quantum dots (QDs) for their optoelectronic applications. Despite remarkable achievements witnessed in QD materials (e.g., Pb- or Cd-free QDs), the progress in the eco-friendly process is far falling behind and thus the practical use of QDs. Herein, a complete “green” process of QDs, which excludes environmentally unfriendly elements from QDs, ligands, or solvents, is presented. The implant of mono-2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl succinate (MMES) ligands renders InP/ZnSexS1-x QDs dispersed in eco-friendly polar solvents that are widely accepted in the industry while keeping photophysical properties of QDs unchanged. The MMES-capped QDs show exceptional colloidal stabilities in a range of green polar solvents that permit uniform inkjet printing of QD dispersion. In addition, MMES-capped QDs are also compatible with commercially available photo-patternable resins, and the cross-linkable moiety within MMES further facilitates the achievement in the formation of well-defined, micrometer-scale patterning of QD optical films. The presented materials, all composed of simple, scalable, and environmentally-safe compounds, promise low environmental impact during the processing of QDs, and thus will catalyze the practicable use of QDs in a variety of optoelectronic devices.
关键词： photo-patterning,electroluminescence devices,environmentally friendly processing,inkjet printing,quantum dots
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Efficient inkjet-printed blue OLED with boosted charge transport using host doping for application in pixelated display
摘要： Inkjet-printing is a desirable technology for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) owing to its compatibility with large-area low-cost full-color pixelated displays. In this work, we proposed a strategy to fabricate highly efficient inkjet-printed blue OLEDs by introducing 3,5-bis(N-car-bazolyl)benzene (mCP) as the host material into organic light emitting layers. By carefully tailoring the weight ratio of mCP to poly[(9,9-dioctyl-2,7-fluorene)-co-(dibenzothiophene-S,S-dioxide)] (PFSO), the device demonstrated superior charge transport capability, leading to balanced charge transport and optimized efficiency. Furthermore, in combination with modifying the mCP: PFSO ink formulation, a low-roughness organic emissive film on Poly(ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) layer was achieved. The performance of the inkjet-printed device has been significantly improved with nearly five times, which exhibits a maximum luminance and an external quantum efficiency of 3743 cd/m2 and 5.03%, respectively. The icing on the cake is that we fabricated a 3-inch blue OLED array device successfully with a brightness uniformity of 92.7%, which shows promising potential in realizing simple structure large-area and high-efficient OLEDs by inkjet printing.
关键词： Blue,Organic light emitting diodes,Charge transport,Inkjet-printing
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Inkjet-Printed Organohalide 2D Layered Perovskites for High-Speed Photodetectors on Flexible Polyimide Substrates
摘要： The synthesis of solution-processed two-dimensional organohalide layered (CH3(CH2)3NH3)2(CH3NH3)n?1PbnI3n+1 (n = 2, 3, and 4) perovskites is presented, where inkjet printing was used to fabricate heterostructure flexible photodetector (PD) devices on polyimide (PI) substrates. Inks for the n = 4 formulation were developed to inkjet-print PD devices that were photoresponsive to broadband incoming radiation in the visible regime, where the peak photoresponsivity R was calculated to be ～0.17 A/W, which is higher compared to prior reports, while the detectivity D was measured to be ～3.7 × 1012 Jones at a low light intensity F ≈ 0.6 mW/cm2. The ON/OFF ratio was also high (～2.3 × 103), while the response time τ on the rising and falling edges was measured to be τ ≈ 24 ms and τ ≈ 65 ms, respectively. Our strain-dependent measurements, conducted here for the first time for inkjet-printed perovskite PDs, revealed that the Ip decreased by only ～27% with bending (radius of curvature of ～0.262 cm?1). This work demonstrates the tremendous potential of the inkjet-printed, composition-tunable, organohalide 2D perovskite heterostructures for high-performance PDs, where the techniques are readily translatable toward flexible solar cell platforms as well.
关键词： organohalide 2D perovskites,flexible photodetector,inkjet printing,photoluminescence spectroscopy,strain dependency
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57
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Microstructural investigation of inkjet printed Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cell with improved efficiency
摘要： Inkjet printed copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) thin film solar cell has attracted tremendous attention because of its various technological benefits as a non-vacuum process. Focused efforts in selenization of inkjet printed films to make the process feasible, are desired. In this work, microstructural investigation of inkjet printed precursor film selenized by rapid thermal processing (RTP) is presented. The optimization of selenization time for transforming metal nitrates precursor ink to CIGS thin film is investigated. Based on the results, the growth mechanism to form CIGS from inkjet printed CIG precursor films is proposed. Systematic study on the molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) phase evolution during the two-step atmospheric pressure selenization process at the CIGS-Mo interface and its effect on device performance are carried out. Non-uniform inter-diffusion of indium (In) and gallium (Ga) during selenization, resulting in double-layered CIGS, one of the major reason limiting the performance of the devices is investigated through XRD, Raman, FESEM, EDS and Mott-Schottky analysis. The significant improvement in device efficiency from 0.4% to 4.2% is achieved due to microstructural improvement in CIGS films. Investigation on the mechanism of microstructural growth with selenization time affecting final device performance is presenting in this work.
关键词： CIGS,Rapid thermal processing,Microstructural growth,Inkjet printing,Atmospheric pressure selenization
更新于2025-09-23 15:19:57